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Abstract
Bioplastics are plastic biopolymers made from starch that are easily degraded by soil microbes and may be an alternative to traditional plastics. Mbote tuber starch may be used as the main mass for the production of bioplastics by adding glycerin and sorbitol plasticizers. This research aims to determine the influence of plasticizers with different composition. Starch making, mixing the ingredients with plasticizer, heating, printing and drying are the sequence steps of making bio-plastic. In this study, plasticizers used glycerol and sorbitol with variations in the composition of the plasticizers 0, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2, 1.5 ml. The results showed the maximum tensile strength of glycerol bioplastic (56.12 out of 0.06) MPa with elongation (5.23 to 1.43)%, for sorbitol bioplastic the maximum tensile strength was (70, 66 then 0.09) MPa and it has an elongation value (7.85 then 0.08)%. The maximum degradability test of glycerol emollient showed that the emollient volume was 46.93% and the resolution was 3.28 mg per day and it took 14 days and 9 hours to completely reduce, while the sorbitol emollient obtained meant 1, It was 2, 4%. 5 mg is required for decomposition for 11 days and 4 hours for / day and overall reduction. The maximum area test of gliserol plasticizer is volume 0,9 plastisizer was 20,00±0,39 %, for sorbitol plastisizer is volume 1,5 plastisizer wes 14,00±0,51 %.
Key words : Plasticizer Glycerol and Sorbitol, Mbote tuber starch, Bio-plastics
Article Details
References
- Afrozi, A, (2010), Synthetic and Characterization of titania-based nanocomposite catalysts for production and glycerol and Water, Depok: Department of chemical engineering, University of Indonesia.
- Ahmadi, B and I wayan, A, (2015), Polymer technology, Udayana University, Bali.
- Anggarini, F, (2013), Application of Glycerol Plasticizer in the Manufacture of Biodegradible Plastic from Jackfruit Seeds [thesis], UNS: Semarang.
- Ardiansyah, R, (2011), Utilization of arrowroot tuber starch for the manufacture of biodegradable plastics [thesis], University of Indonesia: Depok.
- Aripin, S, Buangaran, S, Elvi, K, (2017), Study on the manufacture of Biodegradable Plastic Alternative Materials from Sweet Potato Starch with Glycerol Plasticizer with Melt Intercalation Method [thesis], University Bhayangkara: Jakarta.
- Azhari,S, (2009), Tensile tests and mechanical properties of materials, http://www,infometrik,com/wp- content/uploads/2009/09/Mengenalujitar ik,pdf, Accesed 03 April 2018.
- Cahyadi, (2006),http://www,wikipedia,com/glycerol,html, Accessed 20 March 2018.
- Callister, Jr, William D, (2007), Material Science and Engineering an Introduction Seven Edition, John Wiley and Sons, Inc, United States of America.
- Chairul A,, (2015), Bioplastics from cassava with nano-straw fibers and ZnO, Banda Aceh: Syiah Kuala University.
- Chabib L,, mimiek M,, Aprianto, (2013), Effect of Giving Variations in A Mixture Of Sorbitol And Liquid Glucose As A Sweetener On Gummy Candy Paracetamol Preparations, J-pharmacy vol,10 no,2, 2013, UGM,
- Coniwanti P, Linda L, Mardiyah R, (2014), Making Biodegredaable Plastic Film from Corn Starch with the addition of Chitosan and Plasticizer Starch and glycerol, Journal of Sriwijaya University.
- Daomukda, N,, Moongngarm, A,, Payakapol, L, Dan Noisuwan, A, (2011),Effect of cooking methods on physicochemical properties of brown rice, 2nd International Conference on Environmental Science and Technology, IPCBEE Vol, 6, IACSIT Press, Singapore.
- Darni Y. and Herti Utami. 2010, Manufacturing Study and Characteristics of Mechanical Properties and Bioplastic Hydrophobicsity of Sorghum Starch. Journal of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, 7(4): 88-93.
- Dwityo, A, (2015), Bulletin of the 2017 work, ministry of general workers and ministry of people.
- Dwi, A, Voni, S, Raswen, E, (2017), Addition of Sorbitol as a stis Harvester in The Making of Edible Film Pati Sukun, Riau University: Riau.
- Ekowati, G,, Bagyo, Y,, Rodiyati, A,, (2015), Source of Glucomannan from Edible Araciae in East Java, J-PAL, Vol, 6,no,1,2015, Universitas Brawijaya: Malang.
- Fatimah, H ,J, (2017), Effect of Chitosan Addition on Bioplastic Characteristics of Potato Skin Starch (Solanum Tuberosum)[Thesis], UIN Alauddin: Makasar.
- Harper, J,M,, (1981), Extrusion of Food Volume I, CRC Press,Inc. Boca Raton-Florida Lutfi S, Endang (2011), Utilization of Mbote Yam (Araceae) (Phoenix dactylifera L,) As Flour and Change Analysis The quality during storage [sekripsi], IPB campus dock.
- Humaira, (2012), Development of Bioplastic Materials from Blanding Konjac Glucomannan Flour (KGM) and Chitosan Using a Single Screw Extruder, [thesis], Surabaya, Universitas Airlangga.
- Muthawali, (2011), Timber Oil palm, Medan: University of North Sumatra.
- Pasaribu, F, (2009), The Role of glycerol and Glycerol as a Plasticizer in Corn Starch Film with Fine Powder Filler Corn Cob, Medan: Post-Graduate School, University of North Sumatra,
- Razanata, A, (2017), Study of the influence of plasticizers on bioplastics with the basic ingredients of ubijalar ciembu starch [thesis], Malang: Universitas Brawijaya.
- Rohaya, M,S,, Maskat, M,Y, dan Ma’aruf, A,G, (2013), Rheological properties of different degree of pregelatinized rice flour batter, Sains Malaysiana 42:1707- 1714.
- Rodriguez, M,, Oses, J,, Ziani, K,, and Mate, J,I,, (2006), Combined Effect Of Pemlastis And Surfactants On The Physical Properties Of Starch Based Edible Films, Jurnal of Food Research International, 39, pp, 840-846.
- Samporno, H, (2004), Requirements for the Use of Artificial Medicine Food Additives in Food Products, BPOM: Jakarta.
- Seal, K,,& Griffin,G, (1994), Test Methods and standards for Biodegredable Plastic: Chemistry and Tecnology of Biodegradable Plymer, Blackie Academicang professional, Champman and Hall.
- Sularto E, (2012), Synthetic Bioplastics from Sweet Potato Starch using ZnO metal booster and cellulose natural booster [thesis], University of Indonesia.
- Ummah, Al, Nathiqoh, (2013), Biodegradable Resistance Test of Durian Seed Flour Starch-Based Plastics (Durio Zibethinus Murr) To Water and Its Density Measurement, [ Thesis].
- Wardani, C, (2007), Utilization of Glycerol as Raw Material for Synthesis and Glycerol Carbonate, [Thesis], Bogor: Faculty of Agricultural Technology.
- Yuniarti L, Gatot S, Rahim A, (2014), Synthetic and Bioplastic Characteristics based on Sago Starch (Metroxilon sp), e-J, Agrotechnology 2 (1): 38-46, Tadulako University, PALU,
- Zulfa, Z, (2011), Utilization of Sweet Potato Starch for the Manufacture of Semiconductor Biocomposites, Depok: University of Indonesia.
References
Afrozi, A, (2010), Synthetic and Characterization of titania-based nanocomposite catalysts for production and glycerol and Water, Depok: Department of chemical engineering, University of Indonesia.
Ahmadi, B and I wayan, A, (2015), Polymer technology, Udayana University, Bali.
Anggarini, F, (2013), Application of Glycerol Plasticizer in the Manufacture of Biodegradible Plastic from Jackfruit Seeds [thesis], UNS: Semarang.
Ardiansyah, R, (2011), Utilization of arrowroot tuber starch for the manufacture of biodegradable plastics [thesis], University of Indonesia: Depok.
Aripin, S, Buangaran, S, Elvi, K, (2017), Study on the manufacture of Biodegradable Plastic Alternative Materials from Sweet Potato Starch with Glycerol Plasticizer with Melt Intercalation Method [thesis], University Bhayangkara: Jakarta.
Azhari,S, (2009), Tensile tests and mechanical properties of materials, http://www,infometrik,com/wp- content/uploads/2009/09/Mengenalujitar ik,pdf, Accesed 03 April 2018.
Cahyadi, (2006),http://www,wikipedia,com/glycerol,html, Accessed 20 March 2018.
Callister, Jr, William D, (2007), Material Science and Engineering an Introduction Seven Edition, John Wiley and Sons, Inc, United States of America.
Chairul A,, (2015), Bioplastics from cassava with nano-straw fibers and ZnO, Banda Aceh: Syiah Kuala University.
Chabib L,, mimiek M,, Aprianto, (2013), Effect of Giving Variations in A Mixture Of Sorbitol And Liquid Glucose As A Sweetener On Gummy Candy Paracetamol Preparations, J-pharmacy vol,10 no,2, 2013, UGM,
Coniwanti P, Linda L, Mardiyah R, (2014), Making Biodegredaable Plastic Film from Corn Starch with the addition of Chitosan and Plasticizer Starch and glycerol, Journal of Sriwijaya University.
Daomukda, N,, Moongngarm, A,, Payakapol, L, Dan Noisuwan, A, (2011),Effect of cooking methods on physicochemical properties of brown rice, 2nd International Conference on Environmental Science and Technology, IPCBEE Vol, 6, IACSIT Press, Singapore.
Darni Y. and Herti Utami. 2010, Manufacturing Study and Characteristics of Mechanical Properties and Bioplastic Hydrophobicsity of Sorghum Starch. Journal of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, 7(4): 88-93.
Dwityo, A, (2015), Bulletin of the 2017 work, ministry of general workers and ministry of people.
Dwi, A, Voni, S, Raswen, E, (2017), Addition of Sorbitol as a stis Harvester in The Making of Edible Film Pati Sukun, Riau University: Riau.
Ekowati, G,, Bagyo, Y,, Rodiyati, A,, (2015), Source of Glucomannan from Edible Araciae in East Java, J-PAL, Vol, 6,no,1,2015, Universitas Brawijaya: Malang.
Fatimah, H ,J, (2017), Effect of Chitosan Addition on Bioplastic Characteristics of Potato Skin Starch (Solanum Tuberosum)[Thesis], UIN Alauddin: Makasar.
Harper, J,M,, (1981), Extrusion of Food Volume I, CRC Press,Inc. Boca Raton-Florida Lutfi S, Endang (2011), Utilization of Mbote Yam (Araceae) (Phoenix dactylifera L,) As Flour and Change Analysis The quality during storage [sekripsi], IPB campus dock.
Humaira, (2012), Development of Bioplastic Materials from Blanding Konjac Glucomannan Flour (KGM) and Chitosan Using a Single Screw Extruder, [thesis], Surabaya, Universitas Airlangga.
Muthawali, (2011), Timber Oil palm, Medan: University of North Sumatra.
Pasaribu, F, (2009), The Role of glycerol and Glycerol as a Plasticizer in Corn Starch Film with Fine Powder Filler Corn Cob, Medan: Post-Graduate School, University of North Sumatra,
Razanata, A, (2017), Study of the influence of plasticizers on bioplastics with the basic ingredients of ubijalar ciembu starch [thesis], Malang: Universitas Brawijaya.
Rohaya, M,S,, Maskat, M,Y, dan Ma’aruf, A,G, (2013), Rheological properties of different degree of pregelatinized rice flour batter, Sains Malaysiana 42:1707- 1714.
Rodriguez, M,, Oses, J,, Ziani, K,, and Mate, J,I,, (2006), Combined Effect Of Pemlastis And Surfactants On The Physical Properties Of Starch Based Edible Films, Jurnal of Food Research International, 39, pp, 840-846.
Samporno, H, (2004), Requirements for the Use of Artificial Medicine Food Additives in Food Products, BPOM: Jakarta.
Seal, K,,& Griffin,G, (1994), Test Methods and standards for Biodegredable Plastic: Chemistry and Tecnology of Biodegradable Plymer, Blackie Academicang professional, Champman and Hall.
Sularto E, (2012), Synthetic Bioplastics from Sweet Potato Starch using ZnO metal booster and cellulose natural booster [thesis], University of Indonesia.
Ummah, Al, Nathiqoh, (2013), Biodegradable Resistance Test of Durian Seed Flour Starch-Based Plastics (Durio Zibethinus Murr) To Water and Its Density Measurement, [ Thesis].
Wardani, C, (2007), Utilization of Glycerol as Raw Material for Synthesis and Glycerol Carbonate, [Thesis], Bogor: Faculty of Agricultural Technology.
Yuniarti L, Gatot S, Rahim A, (2014), Synthetic and Bioplastic Characteristics based on Sago Starch (Metroxilon sp), e-J, Agrotechnology 2 (1): 38-46, Tadulako University, PALU,
Zulfa, Z, (2011), Utilization of Sweet Potato Starch for the Manufacture of Semiconductor Biocomposites, Depok: University of Indonesia.